Diabetic Eye Exams

What is diabetic retinopathy?

Over time, high blood sugar can weaken the blood vessels in the retina, the light-sensing layer at the back of the eye. The vessels can leak fluid or blood, and abnormal new vessels can grow. Swelling in the center of the retina, called diabetic macular edema, is a common cause of vision loss in people with diabetes.

People with diabetes are also more likely to develop cataracts and glaucoma, and at a younger age.

Who needs a diabetic eye exam

• Type 2 diabetes: at diagnosis, then every year
• Type 1 diabetes: within 5 years of diagnosis, then every year
• Pregnancy with diabetes: early in pregnancy, then as advised

If retinopathy is found, you'll need exams more often.

Your exam

• Dilated exam of the retina
• Imaging when needed to check for swelling or leaking vessels
• A report sent to your primary care doctor or endocrinologist

Many health plans track yearly diabetic eye exams. Sending results to your doctor keeps your records complete.

If we find retinopathy

Early changes are watched closely. Keeping your blood sugar, blood pressure and cholesterol in range helps slow them. If you need treatment such as injections or laser, Dr. Hwang will refer you to a retina specialist and stay involved in your care.